Shawn Corey Carter, known professionally as Jay-Z, is an American rapper, businessman, and record executive. Rooted in East Coast hip-hop, he was named the greatest rapper of all time by Billboard and Vibe in 2023. Known for his complex lyrical ability—which often uses double entendres and word play—and braggadocio, his music is built upon a rags to riches narrative. He served as president and chief executive officer of Def Jam Recordings from 2004 to 2007, and founded the entertainment company Roc Nation the following year.
A protégé of fellow New York City-based rapper Jaz-O, Jay-Z began his musical career in the late 1980s; he co-founded the record label Roc-A-Fella Records in 1994 to release his first two studio albums Reasonable Doubt and In My Lifetime, Vol. 1, both of which were met with critical acclaim. Each of his eleven subsequent albums, including The Blueprint, The Black Album, American Gangster, and 4:44, debuted atop the Billboard 200; Jay-Z holds the joint-record for the most number-one albums of any solo artist on the chart. He has also released the collaborative albums The Best of Both Worlds and Unfinished Business with singer R.
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